Daily Ancestorgmina
Gmina is Polish for a rural commune or township, the local government unit that grouped several villages; gminy means "of the gmina."
A gmina is the basic unit of local government in Poland, below the powiat (district) and the province. It usually takes in several villages, and the word was borrowed from German Gemeinde. Old word lists translate it as township or community.
In addresses and records you see gmina or gm. with a name, which helps you place a village among others with the same name. Gmina żydowska means a Jewish community, and the word was also used for the people or the office of the district.
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Daily Ancestor. "gmina." Dictionary of Old Record Words. https://dailyancestor.com/dictionary/polish/gmina. Last checked 2026-10-28.